Research themes
Our research is structured around three overlapping areas
- Finance
- Governance and accountability
- Management Accounting and Information Systems (MAISY)
Below is a summary of illustrative research themes and projects currently being undertaken within each research area.
Finance
Historically, the focus of this research area has been one of theoretically-informed empirical research particularly in asset pricing. However, several high profile recent appointments have enabled the group to consolidate its research strength in other areas of theoretical finance, financial econometrics and corporate finance. Certain areas of research interface closely with the market based accounting research area identified below, in which MAFG has established its own particular identity. Currently, research within the group can broadly be categorised in the following way:
(i) Financial econometrics
We now have an internationally-renowned core group of staff
engaged in modelling and forecasting work in volatility, correlation,
implied volatility dynamics, and value at risk estimation and risk
management. A related strand of research focuses on modelling
financial crises using extreme value techniques. The group
is particularly strong in non-linear techniques and analysing the
interactions between macroeconomic and financial markets. It has
several on-going collaborations with the Econometrics group in the
Economics department of the School of Social Sciences.
(ii) Derivatives, interest rate and credit risk modelling
This group analyses interest rate derivatives, the development
and validation of sovereign and corporate credit risk and credit
rating models and the associated derivatives. Manchester's
own brand of recombining tree method option valuation, incorporating
input from, and strong collaborations with, the Applied Mathematics
group in the School of Mathematics is well known. Manchester is also
acknowledged for its work in real options, in particular their use
in analysing corporate decision-making and project/investment risk
appraisal. Current extensions of this work address general
option pricing problems in incomplete markets (such as wind power
and storage capacity, reinsurance via capital market securitisation).
This real options analysis has the potential to interface with MAISY-themed
area research on new organisational forms (see below).
(iii) Asset pricing, corporate finance and capital markets
One focus here is on stock market responses to corporate
actions (IPOs, rights issues, takeovers and mergers), financial reporting
(earnings and firm specific announcements, R&D, disclosure) and
the impact of factors on returns (liquidity, volume, momentum). Other
empirical research includes tests of option and asset pricing models,
models for portfolio management and international investment (equity
expectation, styles, home bias, time diversification) and analysing
investors' behaviour during financial crisis. We have particular
strengths also in methodological issues (eg calculating holding period
returns, deflators used in corporate valuation models, appropriateness
of techniques which test for market efficiency in foreign exchange
markets). Research undertaken from an alternative political economy
perspective covers financialisation, the relationship of firms and
households to the capital market, and how households can manage risk
through purchasing complex financial products.
Faculty members with research interests in the Finance.
Governance and accountability
This group currently focuses on four main areas of research
(i) Market-based accounting research
This covers accounting-based valuation and the content of
brokers' reports, accounting conservatism, the use of accounting
information by investors, earnings management, financial communication/
disclosure, corporate financial reporting behaviour, management/executive
compensation schemes.
(ii) Auditing and accountability
Recent activity in this area has analysed contemporary developments
in public and private sector auditing; the changing international
nature of audit regulation; post-Enron changes in the status of auditing
and developments in audit approaches; multinational accounting firms;
outsourcing and its implications for auditing; practical application
of business-risk based audit methodologies; governance and accountability
effects of audit committees; the development of auditing in non Anglo-Saxon
contexts; women and accounting.
(iii) Business
and public policy
Research analyses a range of issues relating to the social,
political, economic and strategic behaviour of large corporations,
and the appropriate role of the state in influencing both private
and public sector economic activity. Much of this work is being developed
in conjunction with CRESC, the Centre for Research on Socio Cultural
Change, and is also a significant component of a major EU FP6
programme (ESEMK).
(iv) Public sector accounting and accountability
This research covers issues relating to the accounting and
accountability of public sector service providers, and the use of
private finance to achieve public service objectives, including:
international comparative projects on the use of private finance
in the public sector, Private Finance Initiative, NHS partnerships, “whole
of government accounting” systems in the UK public sector,
budgeting and accounting systems in schools. This area has significant
potential to interface with MBS-wide research in public
sector management.
Much of this area's research is generated through the individual workings of the four research areas, with a number of joint projects between sub-group members. However, there are also a number of research themes that spread across the sub-areas. Indeed, stimulating research of an interdisciplinary nature or which cuts across the sub-areas is one of the prime aims for establishing the theme group. Most notable in terms of integrating themes is that of corporate and economic governance. The area has a central role in developing links with the Institute for Political and Economic Governance (IPEG). Recent corporate scandals such as Enron and WorldCom have helped to stimulate a number of research projects, including work on financialisation, on audit methods, and on the international regulation of the auditing profession. The questions being asked of corporate reporting practices have served to reinforce the pertinence and timeliness of recent projects examining the reporting of financial performance under UK GAAP and assessing, in particular, the scale of earnings' smoothing, the variability of Earnings per Share (EPS) disclosures and the significance of analysts' earning forecasts. There is considerable potential in the area for research with an international focus and appeal, particularly in the areas of financial reporting practices, accounting and auditing regulation, public sector finance and financial management reform and the status of capitalism in a globalised world.
Faculty members with research interests in the Governance and Accountability.
Management Accounting and Information Systems (MAISY)
The MAISY area has a strong orientation to case study research, social science and organisational theory. It has particular interests in change in accounting practices and in information systems, and in the implementation of new systems, techniques and practices, with an emphasis on the social and behavioural, rather than the technical issues. At the methodological level the members of the group are primarily involved in critical and interpretive research, which aims to understand and explain management accounting and information systems as socially created phenomena. Consequently, members of the group use various types of social theory in their work; both institutional theory and actor network theory are particularly prominent at the present time.
In terms of the group's research focus, current work is concerned with issues relating to the nature of the modern organisation, and in particular the boundaries of the organisation. For example, there is research looking at networks, outsourcing, virtual organisations, B2B E-commerce, and lateral relations and performance measurement more generally. Emerging themes in this research are the role of “trust” in systems of governance in such new organisation arrangements, processes of organisational change and resistance to new systems implementation; the implementation of ERP systems, their impacts and the opportunities they provide for organisation change. Other recent projects have looked at the role of India and other countries in the provision of outsourced, information systems related, services; management accounting in LDCs; cross-cultural information systems development; the development of a cultural political economy of management accounting; global accounting risk; performance measurement in multinational companies;
Finally, at the research methods level, field-based studies are the predominant feature of the research undertaken by members of MAISY. There is considerable experience of such field study research within the group, and much of it is being undertaken within business organisations as well as in public sector and other not-for-profit organisations.
Faculty members with research interests in the Management Accounting and Information Systems.
